A
Alive. A ball is alive when it is released by a shooter or thrower, or legally tapped by a jumper
during a jump ball; the game clock starts only
when the ball becomes alive; see and compare with live.
Alternating-possession rule. Most jump balls have been eliminated in favor of a rule that the teams take
turns gaining possession for a throw-in after a held
ball and similar stoppages of play when possession is in question. The possession arrow changes direction after each
subsequent jump ball situation, alternating which team gets the ball on the next such
occasion and gets possession for the throw-in.
Altered shot; & Assist
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
ABA; ABL; & Alley-Oop pass
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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B
Backboard. The rectangular structure, 6' x 3 1/2' - 1.83
m. x 1.06 m. -, to which the basket is attached.
Baseline. 1. The line at each end of the court, under each basket,
that mark its lengthwise boundaries. Also: endline.
2. A loosely defined area just inside the baseline, used in phrases such as,
"He drove the baseline and made a layup."
Basket. Attached to the backboard,
it consists of a metal rim 18" - 45,72 cm.- in diameter suspended 10' - 3.05 m.- from
the floor, from which a 15-18" - 45-54 cm. -
corded net hangs, and through which points are scored. Also used to refer a successful field goal.
Basket interference. See Goaltending.
An illegal play that occurs when a player touches the ball
while it is within or above the circumference of the rim.
This restricted area is measured by an "imaginary cylinder" that
extends from
the rim to the ceiling.
Basket interference is only legal in international play.
Block. Painted box at the bottom of the free throw lane.
Blocking. n. The use of a defender's body to
legally prevent an opponent's advance. The opposite of charging.
Block Out. The act of using one's body to prevent an
opponent from rebounding the ball. Also known as "box
out".
Board. n. The Backboard. n. v. A term
that can either be used to describe a rebound or the act of rebounding (e.g. "he
grabbed ten boards last night", "He's tough, he can really board").
Bonus Free Throw. An extra free throw awarded after the opposing team has exceeded a certain
limit or is over the limit. In the NBA, the limit is five personal fouls per period, at
FIBA and ULEB
the limit is four. After that, a personal foul results in two free throws for the opponent
who was fouled. In college Basketball, the limit is seven fouls per half, after which the
opposing team shoots one-and-one free throws. Also known as the penalty.
Bonus Situation. A team is said to be in the bonus
situation when it's entitled to bonus free throws.
Bucket. Another name for the basket
or a field goal.
Blocked shot
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Back; Backboard; Backscreen; Balance, Team play; Ball;
"Ball"; Ball Fake; Ball Handler; Ball-Man line; Bang the Boards; Bank Shot;
Baseline; Baseline Drive; Basket; "Basket"; Beat the Defender; Belly cut; Bench;
Blind or "no look" Pass; Block; Blocker / Mover Offense; Blocking; Block Out;
Block to block screen; Board; Boosters; Box-and-Chaser; Box-and-One; Break; Break Away;
Brooklyn-Case Attack; Bucket; Bunny; Bury; & Buzzer Beater
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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C
Carrying or Palming. A nonfoul violation that occurs when a player dribbling the ball brings her
palm under the ball when it reaches its peak off
the dribble. See: Palming
Carry the Ball. To move with the ball without dribbling
properly. See: Traveling
Center Circle. The 12-foot circular area in the center of
the court with a 4-foot jumping circle in its center
from which jump balls are taken to start a period.
Center Line. A line midway between and parallel to the baselines that divides the court
into halves. Also known as: "division line", "midcourt line", ten-second line and "time line".
Center Official. When there are three referees working a game, the referee who is primarily
responsible for action between the free-throw line
extended and the midcourt area marker. See also: lead official; and trail
official
Cords. The net.
Corner. Court
terminology. An area where the baseline and sideline meet. See "Short
Corner".
Court. The playing area for a game of Basketball, which
varies in size, depending on the level of the play. College and NBA courts are 94 feet long by 50 feet wide. The court
used in international plays is 91 feet 10 inches by 49 feet 2 ¼ inches. The court
surface is bounded by 2 sidelines and 2 end lines containing a basket
at each end and is divided in half by a center line.
When played outdoors, the court is usually cement, when indoors the court is
usually made of wood or a rubber substance.
Cylinder. The imaginary area directly above the basket, outlined by the projection of the rim into space,
where the ball cannot be touched by any player, and
goaltending or basket
interference can occur.
Charge or Charging. An illegal offensive play in which an
offensive player runs into a defender who has already planted his feet and established his stationary
defensive position and is essentially motionless. If the defender hasn't established
position, it is blocking, a defensive foul. See
also: pass
Charge Drew. When a defensive
player steps in front of an opponent and get a charging
call resulting in a turnover for the opponent.
Charging. See Charge or Charging.
Charity Stripe. The free
throw line.
Convert; Charge or Charging; Charge Drew & Charging
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Cager; Catch-and-Shoot; CBA; Center; "Clear"
Clear out; Clear-Out; Clinic; Close Down; Coast-to-Coast; Collapsing Defense; Collective
Bargaining Agreement; Commissioner; Contain; Cornerman; "Court vision" Crash the
Boards; Create the Lead; Cripple; Crossover Drible; Cross-Screen; Curl; Cushion; Cut;
Cheat; "Check"; Chest Pass & Chucker
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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D
Dead Ball. Any ball
is not live; occurs after each successful field goal or free-throw
attempt, after any official's whistle or
if the ball leaves the court; it stops play which
is then resumed by a jump ball, throw-in or free-throw.
Dead-ball foul (Falta sin el balón). Una falta cometida
mientras que el reloj no está corriendo y el balón no está en juego.
Defensive Board. 1. The backboard behind the basket a
team is defending. 2. A defensive rebound.
Division Line. See Center
Line.
Double Foul. The situation in which opponents commit
simultaneous fouls against one another. A jump ball is held between the two players. Compare
with: False Double Foul and Multiple Foul.
Draft. El proceso anual por el cual cada año los equipos
de la NBA seleccionan jugadores de las
universidades y otros lugares o jugadores extranjeros para sus equipos. Este proceso
fue
diseñado para promocionar una competición balanceada en la NBA.
Dribble or Dribbling. v. To Bounce the ball when a player repeatedly pushes, pats, taps or
bats the ball toward the floor with one hand to
cause the ball to bounce back up to either of his hands. The act of dribbling is
usual employed to improve position on the court, to advance the ball or keep control of
it, while moving or standing still. Typically the guards
are the best dribblers on the team and handle most of the ball handling duties.
n. The act of dribbling.
Dribble Series. A number of consecutive dribbles which end when a player allows the ball to rest in one or both hands; a player is only permitted one
dribble series before he must pass the ball or shoot.
Defensive Board; Defensive Rebound; Double-Double &
Double Figures
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Defense; Defense Run and Jump; Diamond-and-One Defense;
Dictate; Dig; Dish; Dive; Double; Double, High; Double Post; Double Pump; Double-team;
Downcourt or Down the Court; Downscreen; Downtown; Dream Team; Dream Team II; Drive to the
basket; Drop; Drop Step & Dunk
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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E
Elbow. n. Corner of the key at the free-throw line. Also
"pinch", "short 17".
Elbowing. n. It is a violation if a player vigorously or excessively swings his elbows, even
if there is no contact with an opponent. It is a foul
if contact is made, and a automatic ejection if that contact is above shoulder level.
End line. The out-of-bounds line
behind each basket. Also known as the (see) baseline.
Established Position. n. When a defensive player has both feet firmly planted on the floor before an offensive
player's head and shoulder get past him; the offensive player who runs into such a
defender is charging.
Establish Position. v. To have both feet firmly
planted on the floor, occupying an area, before the
offensive player arrives in that area. The
difference between blocking and charging is whether the defender
has established position.
Early; & Early Offense
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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F
False Double Foul A situation in which opposing players foul one another in succession, not simultaneously, with
the second foul occurring before the ball has been put back into play after the first foul. Each foul carries a
separate penalty. Compare with double foul; false multiple foul; multiple
foul.
False Multiple Foul A situation in which a team commits
two fouls in succession, with the second foul occurring before the ball
has been put back into play after the first foul.
Each foul carries a separate penalty. Compare with double foul; false double foul;
multiple foul.
Flagrant foul. Unnecessary and/or excessive contact
committed with excessive force or ill intent against an opponent.
Floor Violation. A player's action that violates the
rules but does not prevent an opponent's movement or causes him harm; penalized by a
change in possession.
Foul. A violation. Usually, contact between two players
which break the rules but are not floor violation,
penalized by a change in possession or free-throw opportunities. Also Personal Foul. See Technical Foul.
Foul Circle. The 12-foot circle that is bisected by the
foul line, creating a dotted semi-circle below the foul line and a solid semi-circle above
the foul line.
Foul Lane. See "Lane".
Foul Line. The line 15 feet from the backboard and parallel to the end line
from which free throws are attempted. Also: Charity
Line; Charity stripe line; Free-throw line.
Foul Out. To be disqualified from a game for committing
more fouls than the rules permit. Most leagues permit five fouls; the NBA and the Big East
permit six.
Foul Shot. See Free Throw.
Foul trouble (Problema de faltas). Cuando un jugador
está cerca del límite de faltas personales antes de ser descalificado del juego, o un
equipo que está cerca del límite de faltas permitidas por período después del cual
cada falta se transforma en lanzamientos libres.
Free throw (Tiro Libre). Un lanzamiento sin marca tomado
desde la foul line, distante 15 pies -4.60 metros-, que
vale un punto. Fouls shots are awarded when the opposing teams fouls a player in the act
of shooting, or when the opposing team commits a
foul against a team that is already in the "bonus".
A player who is fouled while in act of shooting receives two or three free throws,
depending on whether the shot was taken from inside or outside the three-point line. Also:
foul shot.
Free Throw Line. See foul line.
Field goal -FG-; Field Goal Attempts (FGA) & 4-Point
Play
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Fade; Fadeaway Jumper; Fake or Feint; Fallaway Jumper;
Fan; Fast break; FIBA; Fill; Final Four; Finals, NBA; Flare; Flash; Flex Offense; Floor;
Forward; Foul trouble; Franchise; Franchise Player; Free Agent, restricted; Free Agent,
unrestricted; Free Throw Line extended; Freeze; Frontcourt; Full Court Press & Funnel
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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G
Game Clock. The clock that displays how much time remains
in each of the four quarters of an NBA (12-minute
each period) or FIBA
(10-minute each period) game, or two 20-minute halves of a college game.
Goaltending. A violation
that occurs when a player interferes with a shot
while the ball is on its downward flight arc toward
the basket after having touched the backboard, - and has a chance of going in the basket -
pins it against the backboard or touches it while it is in an imaginary cylinder above the
rim; may be committed by either an offensive or defensive
player.
If committed by an defensive player, the shot counts. If committed by an offense player, it
is a violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in. In International play however, a defensive player is
allowed to knock the ball away from the basket once it has touched the rim.
Goal-average
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Game Face; Game shots; Gap; Give-and-go; Glass; Go cut;
Guard; Guarding & Guarding
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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H
Hardwood. n. A wooden Basketball court (e.g.
"I can't wait to play on the hardwood"). adj. Term used to describe a
wooden Basketball court (e.g. "I played there, it's got old-fashioned hardwood
floors.")
Held Ball. A situation that occurs when an
offensive player and a defensive player become tangled and both share possession of the
ball. In the event of a held ball, an official must determine which team retains
possession. To do this, he/she will stop play and either call for a jump ball or refer to
the possession arrow, depending on the rules of the league.
High percentage shot
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Hack; Half-court or set offense; Half-Court Press;
Hand-checking; Hang time; "Help"; High Double; High Post; Hook shoot & Hoop
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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I
Illegal Defense. A rather nebulous rule that was called
regularly. It was designed to prevent the use of the zone
defense, now allowed. It was more like a 3-second
violation for the defense, in which no
defender could stay in the lane for more than 3
seconds.
Inbounds Pass & Isolation
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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J K
Jump ball (Salto). Cuando un jugador de cada equipo toman
la posesión del balón simultáneamente el árbitro para el juego. Después que los
equipos están otra vez en sus posiciones, el juez lanza el balón entre esos dos mismos
jugadores, que intentan palmear la pelota hacia alguno de sus compañeros.
Key. The area at each end of the court consisting of the foul circle,
foul lane and free-throw
line; named for the keyhole shape it had years ago. See lane.
Kicking. The defensive player is not allowed to kick the
ball as a means of deflecting a pass. On such violation, the offense team retains
possession of the ball, and the shot clock is reset. At prior times, when the clock was
not reset, coaches encouraged this defensive tactic even though it was against the rules,
because it forced the opponent to reset its offense.
J.
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Jump hook; Jump shot; Jump hook & Kick it
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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L
Lane. The painted area 19' x 16' (12' in college) between
the end line and the foul
line near each basket, outside which players line up for free throws. The area an offensive player cannot spend more than
3-seconds at a time in. Also known as the key, because in the early years it was
key-shaped. It was three times widened till its present shape. Also known as Free-Throw
Lane, Key-hole; Paint; Restricted Area; 3-second Area; 3-second Lane.
Lane violation. A nonfoul violation. This rule applies to
both offense and defense. When a free throw is being attempted, none of the players lined
up along the free throw lane may enter the lane until the ball leaves the shooter's
hands. If a defender jumps into the lane early, the shooter receives another shot if his
shot misses. If an offensive player enters too early, the shot is nullified if it is made.
Live ball. As soon as a ball is given to a free-throw shooter or a thrower on a throw-in, it is live, but the game clock
does not restart until the ball is alive.
Loose ball. A ball that is alive
but no in the possession of either team.
Loose-ball foul (Falta sin balón). Una falta cometida
mientras que ningún equipo tiene la posesión del
balón; generalmente la falta es cometida durante la lucha por los rebotes.
Lower percentage shot
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Lanes; Layup or layin; Leading the receiver; Lob pass
& Low post
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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M
Moving Pick. An offensive foul which occurs when the
player setting a pick for his teammate moves to blocks the path of the defender. For a
screen to be legal, the screener must remain stationary for at least a full second and
must have her arms in toward his torso. Otherwise, the screener is charged with an
illegal screen foul.
Match-ups
is included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Man-to-man defense; March Madness; Match Up, Zone;
MidPost & MVP (Most Valuable Player)
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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N
NBA (National Basketball Association); NCAA (National
Collegiate Athletic Association); NCAA Tournament; NIT (National Invitational Tournament)
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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O
Officials. The crew chief, referee and umpire who control
the game, stop and start play, and impose penalties for violations
and fouls.
1-and-1 or 1-plus-1. In college a free-throw attempt awarded for certain violations
that earns the shooter a 2nd. attempt only if the
first is successful.
Out of bounds. The area outside of and including the end lines and sidelines.
Over the back. An offensive foul - see below - that
occurs when an offensive player who is boxed out while attempting to grab a rebound tries
to jump over the defender and makes excessive contact with the defender.
This Term is Still GLOBALIZED at the
GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY
Over the limit (Pasado el límite). Pasado el límite de
faltas: 4 team fouls per NBA, FIBA or ULEB period; 8 per WNBA half; 7 per half in college. Cada equipo puede
cometer el número límite de faltas faltas en cada cuarto o tiempo por las cuales no
serán penalizados con tiros libres (a menos que
sean cometidos contra jugadores durante el acto de lanzamiento);
después de cometer el número límite de faltas un equipo está "pasado del
límite" y las faltas son penalizadas con tiros libres. This team is also said to
be in the penalty
Overtime or OT (Tiempo suplementario). Un período extra de cinco minutos que se juega cuando el regulation game está empatado. Si el juego continúa
empatado después del Tiempo Suplementario, otro período será jugado hasta que el
partido tenga un vencedor.
Offensive Rebound; Off the dribble
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Offense; Offense, Blocker / Mover; Offense, Early (EO);
Offense, "Flex"; One-on-one; One shot; Open or "Open man"; Outlet;
Outlet pass; Outside shooting
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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P
Paint. See "Lane".
Palming. A violation in which a player moves his hand
under the ball and scoops it while dribbling. See: Carrying
the ball.
Penalty situation. When a team has
committed more than its
allowed four fouls per quarter and thus each subsequent foul becomes a shooting foul.
Also: Over the limit. Ver "Bonus"
Perimeter. The area beyond the foul circle away from the basket, including 3-point line, from which players take
long-range shots.
Period. Any quarter, half or overtime segment of the play.
Personal foul. Contact between players that may result in
injury or provide one team with an unfair advantage; players may not push, hold, trip,
hack, elbow, restrain or charge into an opponent; these are also counted as team fouls. See also "Foul".
Possession arrow. In college, used to determine which
team's turn it is to inbounds the ball to begin a period or in a jump ball
situation.
PPG; Prouty; Put back
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Pass; Passer; Patience; Peek a Boo; Penetration; Pick;
Pick-and-Pop; Pick-and-Roll; Picked off; Pick-up games; Pill; Pin hand; Pivot; Playmaker;
Play Off; Point; Point guard; Point-shaving; Point spread; Possession;
"Post"
Post Position; Post-Up; Power forward; Press; Pressure Defense SOS; Pump fake; Push; Push
line
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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Q R
Regulation Game. Four 12-minute quarters in the NBA, 10-minute in the FIBA
or ULEB, or two 20 minutes halves in college; a
game that ends without overtime periods.
Rim. The ring from which the hangs.
Roster. The list of players on a team.
Receiver; Rejection; Release; Run
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Red; Red Zone; Reverse pass; Rock; Rocker move; Rookie;
Run-and-gun Offense; Run and Jump Defense; Run-and-shoot Offense
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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S
Shot clock. This Term is included at the
GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY
Sidelines. The two out-of-bounds lines that runs along
the length of the court.
Shooter; Steal
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Safety; Sag; Salary Cap; Scoring Opportunity; Scoring
Opportunity; Screen Away; Screen, Running; Screen, Stationary; Set shot; Shooter's Roll;
Shooting Range; Shoot off the Dribble; Short Corner; Shot; "Shot" Shuffle
Offense; Sit on his leg; Sixth man; Skip; Sky-hook; Skywalk; Slam dunk; Small Forward;
Smile; Spacing; Square; Squaring up; Starting Lineup; "Stick"; Strip;
Strongside; Substitute; Swing Man; Swish Shot; Switch
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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T
Team Fouls. Each personal
foul committed by a player is also counted against his team; when a team goes over the limit, its opponent is awarded free-throw opportunities.
Team Play Balance. The balance between offensive and defensive
play, inside and perimeter play, and ball-side and offside play, which a well-organized
team must have -see the article-.
This Term is Still GLOBALIZED at the
GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY
Technical foul or Ts (Falta técnica o "Técnico").
Básicamente conducta antideportiva. Un castigo por una violación de conducta por parte
de un jugador o Entrenador, como un lenguaje abusivo o una pelea, que los officials consideren inapropiado conforme a la reglas.
Puede ser aplicada tanto a Entrenadores como jugadores. Cada falta técnica resulta
en un tiro libre para el equipo rival - 2
free-throws and possession in college - (at the NBA also means an automatic fine for the player who
commits the violation). Dos faltas técnicas en un partido resultan en una expulsión
automática para el jugador que cometió la violación. Certain violations of the rules
can also result in technical fouls, such as successive illegal defense calls in the NBA.
3-points shot. See: Three-point
Field Goal at the GLOBAL Basketball DIRECTORY .
3-second Violation (Violación de los tres segundos). No
part of an offensive player may stand in the free throw lane for more than three
consecutive seconds unless the ball is being shot. If the shot hits the rim, the player
standing in the lane gets a new three seconds. Once a player steps outs the lane, the
count resets, and can reenter the lane for another three seconds.
Throw-in. The method by which a team with possession inbounds
the ball.
Timeline. The half-court line. It is called so because
the offense must advance the ball beyond the half court line within 10 seconds of its
possession or it loses the ball.
Time Out. A legal stoppage of play. When play is
temporarily suspended by an official or at the
request of a team to respond to an injured player or discuss strategy; there are full timeouts
(100 or 60 seconds in NBA, 60 seconds in FIBA or ULEB, 120
seconds in WNBA, 75 or 60 seconds in college) and
20-second timeouts (30 seconds in college).
Traveling. A floor
violation in which the ball handler commits
a double dribble or takes more than the allowed two
steps without dribbling the ball, after stopping
his/her dribble on a drive to the basket.
Anytime a player possessing the ball is no dribbling, he must keep one foot - the pivot foot - planted on the floor, and he may not move
it, or he is penalized for traveling. Results in a loss of possession. Also called: walking.
3 Segundos, Zona de. Ver Lane
(Llave).
Team Rebound; Technical foul or Ts; Time
Played; Traveling; Triple-double; Turnovers
are included in the Basketball Statistics Glossary.
Target hand; 3-on-3; 3-point play; Tip-Off; Touch;
Trailer; Transition; Trap; 360; Trey; Triangle Offense; Triple Threat
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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U
Up and Down. A nonfoul violation that occurs when a
player in possession of the ball jumps and then lands while still in possession of the
ball. Technically, he has traveled. In moving both feet, he has lifted his pivot foot.
Upset
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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V W
Violation. See floor
violation.
Weak side; Weave Offense; Wing; WNBA
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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X Y
Z
Zipper cut; Zone, Match Up
are included in the Basketball Game Glossary.
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